Hei taputapu matua mō te whakarite otinga i roto i ngā taiwhanga, ka pā tika te ma o ngā ipu rōrahi ki ngā hua o ngā whakamātautau. He wero te horoi ā-ringa tuku iho pērā i te iti o te whai huatanga, te uauatanga o te whakaritenga paerewa, me te nui o te mōrearea o ngā toenga wai.Ngā mīhini horoi pounamu aunoa katoa, te whakamahi i ngā hangarau pēnei i te rehu pāmahana teitei, te whakahaere kua whakaritea, me te whai i ngā raraunga, kua noho hei taputapu matua mō ngā taiwhanga hou hei whakarei ake i te kounga me te whai hua o te horoi.

I. Ngā Wero Horoi o ngā Ipu Rōrahi me ngā Painga o te Aunoatanga

1. Ngā Here o te Horoi ā-Ringa

·Mōrearea ToengaNā te hanganga whaiti o ngā ipu rōrahi ka noho ngāwari te kohikohinga o ngā toenga matū, he uaua ki te tango atu mā te horoi ā-ringa.

·Te Whai Hua ItiE 3+ hāora te roa o te horoinga o ngā pounamu 100, ā, he roa ake te wā whakamaroke.

·Te Kore o te WhakapūmautangaNā ngā rerekētanga o ngā tikanga a te kaiwhakahaere, he uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga horoi paerewa.

2. Ngā Painga Matua oNgā Horoi Pounamu Aunoa

·Tukatuka PurangaHei tauira, ko teXPZĀwherika F2ka taea te horoiNgā pounamu 144 x 100mLi roto i te huringa kotahi, e whakaoti ana i te horoi me te whakamaroke i raro i te1 hāora.

·Tango Parakore Whai HuaNgā Whakakotahitanga40-95°C pāmahana teitei rehume ngā hopi horoi motuhake mō te horoinga tino pai.

·Te Aroturuki RaraungaMā ngā mahi aroturuki kawe hiko me te tānga whiriwhiri ka whakarite kia tutukihia.

II. He Aratohu Hipanga-i-te-Hipanga mō te Horoi i ngā Ipu Rōrahi mehe mīhini horoi aunoa

1. Te Maimoatanga me te Utaina i mua

·Te Whakarōpūtanga me te WhakatakotorangaWhakamahia ngā whata modular e hototahi ana ki ngā rahi o te pounamu (5mL–5L), te whakanoho i a rātouhuripokitiamō te kapinga pai rawa atu o te rehu.

·Maimoatanga Toenga PukuMō ngā poke rauropi (hei tauira, ngā pūmua), e taunakihia ana kia whakamahia ngā hopi horoi whākōkī.

2. Kōwhiringa Papatono me ngā Tautuhinga Tawhā

·Ngā Papatono Kua Utaina i Mua: XPZngā tuku35 ngā kaupapa paerewa + 100 ngā kaupapa ka taea te whakarite, e kapi ana i te nuinga o ngā hiahia mō ngā taputapu taiwhanga.

·Ngā Whakarerekētanga Ritenga: Whakatakoto ā-ringapāmahana wai (40–95°C), te rōrahi o te horoi, me te huri i ngā tāruaruatanga.

3. Te Tukanga Horoi me te Whakamaroke

Rehu Maha-Wāhanga:

Horoi-MuaKa tangohia e te wai matao ngā matūriki o te mata.

Horoi MatuaHopi horoi kawakore + tohanga wai pāmahana teitei hei wawahi i ngā toenga.

Horoi WhakamutungaWai parakore + whakaōrite waikawa hei ārai i te hanga unahi.

Te whakamaroke:Te whakamaroke i te hau wera (70–105°C)mā te tātari maha-paparanga ka kore e mau te makuku.